你是否聽(tīng)說(shuō)這樣一個(gè)故事，故事是關(guān)于一個(gè)島上的猴子怎樣想出如何清洗他的食物，然后其他的猴子也學(xué)著做起來(lái)。



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Koshima：兒島
Imo

選材／校對(duì)／翻譯：hqj5715
In 1952 on the island of Koshima, a primatologist was leaving sweet potatoes on the shore for the monkeys to eat. One smart monkey, a one and a half year old named Imo, began washing the sand off her potatoes in a brook. You can imagine how much better this insight on her part made the potatoes taste! Next, Imo's playmate was observed washing potatoes. Then her mother, then another peer. In four years, three more of her relatives and four members of another macaque group were washing their food. The primatologist realized he was watching the way new ideas spread in society! Infants in the next generation saw their mothers washing potatoes, and virtually all the next generation, both male and female, grew up washing their food, but not the older males! Older males were resistant to the new idea, refusing to wash their food even when older females made the change. It was as if a new idea from a female, or perhaps a lower-ranking member of macaque society, were rejected by older males even though it was a good idea. They seemed to choose eating sand rather than admitting Imo was smarter than they were.
1952年，在兒島上，一位靈長(zhǎng)類(lèi)動(dòng)物學(xué)家正把甜的馬鈴薯留在岸邊以便猴子們食用。一個(gè)只有一歲半叫imo的聰明的猴子，開(kāi)始用溪水洗掉她馬鈴薯上的沙子。你可以想象她的這一做法可以使馬鈴薯嘗起來(lái)是多么的美味。 接下來(lái)，Imo的玩伴被觀察到清洗馬鈴薯。接著是她的媽媽?zhuān)退牧硪粋€(gè)同齡人。在四年之中，與其有聯(lián)系的另外三個(gè)恒河猴及另外一個(gè)恒河猴群中的四個(gè)成員也開(kāi)始清洗他們的食物。靈長(zhǎng)類(lèi)動(dòng)物學(xué)家認(rèn)識(shí)到他正在觀察一項(xiàng)新思想在社會(huì)中的傳播。 下一輩的嬰兒猴子看到他們的母親清洗馬鈴薯，事實(shí)上，所有的下一代，無(wú)論公母都在清洗食物中成長(zhǎng)，但是不包括年長(zhǎng)的雄性恒河猴。年長(zhǎng)的雄性恒河猴抵觸新的思想，拒絕清洗他們的食物，即使年長(zhǎng)的雌性恒河猴已經(jīng)開(kāi)始改變。 這就像一個(gè)來(lái)自雌性恒河猴的新主意（雌性恒河猴在恒河猴的種群中 也許處在一個(gè)較低的階層）即使這個(gè)主意是個(gè)好主意仍會(huì)被年長(zhǎng)的雄性恒河猴拒絕一樣。他們更像是寧愿吃沙子也不愿承認(rèn)Imo比他們要聰明。