本文來(lái)源：滬江英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)

大家好，距離考試只剩1天啦！想要快速搞定選詞填空，為仔細(xì)閱讀和長(zhǎng)篇閱讀騰時(shí)間，歷年真題中反復(fù)考到的詞語(yǔ)一定要熟記！

每次六級(jí)考前，小編都會(huì)結(jié)合最新的考試真題，按考頻從高到低精選40幾個(gè)詞語(yǔ)，并羅列其?？加梅ê驼骖}例句+翻譯。你看到的這40幾個(gè)詞，已經(jīng)結(jié)合真題更新過(guò)了，老版本不要背了哦~?

說(shuō)明：本詞表按詞頻從高到低排列，因選詞填空需要標(biāo)注詞性，建議同學(xué)把以下單詞的各種詞性和搭配結(jié)構(gòu)熟記背會(huì)！

六級(jí)選詞填空TOP15
able
adj. 易受傷的，脆弱的；易受攻擊的

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)
be vulnerable to sth/sb 易患某種疾病；易受某事影響的；易遭責(zé)難的；易受…誘惑的

The developing brain, the report says, is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of certain chemicals these products may contain, and the damage they cause can be permanent. (2015.12)

報(bào)告稱，發(fā)育中的大腦特別容易受到這些產(chǎn)品可能含有的某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的毒性影響，并且它們?cè)斐傻膿p害可能是永久性的。

ial
n. 潛在性，可能性；潛能
adj. 潛在的

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)
potential problem/ danger可能存在的問(wèn)題/危險(xiǎn)

The researchers explained that the study demonstrated when we are in a novel
environment the brain partly remains alert so that humans can defend themselves against any potential danger. (2017.6)

研究人員解釋說(shuō)，該研究表明，當(dāng)我們處于一個(gè)新奇的環(huán)境中時(shí)，大腦有部分會(huì)保持警覺(jué)，以便人類能夠抵御任何潛在的危險(xiǎn)。

have the potential to do sth有潛力做某事

The new drug has the potential to save stroke victims from death.?
這種新藥也許能夠拯救中風(fēng)患者的性命。

potential for sth… 可能性；…的潛在性
I believe that everyone has a potential for good.?
我認(rèn)為每個(gè)人都是向善的。


3. eventually
adv. 終于，最后

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu):
常放在句子的開(kāi)頭，逗號(hào)跟后面的句子隔開(kāi)。也靈活放在句首或動(dòng)詞前等位置。

The reasoning behind this saying is that low oil prices discourage investment in new production capacity, eventually shifting the oil supply curve backward and bringing rices back up as existing oil fields--which can be tapped at relatively low marginal cost--are depleted. (2017.6)

這種說(shuō)法背后的原因是低油價(jià)阻礙了對(duì)新產(chǎn)能的投資，最終使石油供應(yīng)曲線向下移動(dòng)并使價(jià)格回升，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)有的可以以相對(duì)較低的邊際成本開(kāi)采的油田已經(jīng)耗盡。

4. overwhelming / overwhelmed
adj. 巨大的，壓倒性的，無(wú)法抗拒的
（overwhelming）
v. 征服，壓倒，破壞，使不知所措；覆蓋，淹沒(méi)；打翻（overwhelmed）

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
the overwhelming majority of people 壓倒性多數(shù)

Teachers consider learning two languages to be too overwhelming for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations. (2013.12)

教師認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)兩種語(yǔ)言對(duì)于貧困家庭的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)壓力太大，他們認(rèn)為孩子已經(jīng)因家庭環(huán)境而負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重。

be overwhelmed with被…淹沒(méi)

This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors. (2009.12)

這種趨勢(shì)導(dǎo)致急診室被沒(méi)有常規(guī)醫(yī)生的患者淹沒(méi)。

be overwhelmed by 被…壓倒，擊敗，制服

Its schools will be overwhelmed by the growing number of illegal immigrants. (2011.6)

越來(lái)越多的非法移民將使學(xué)校不堪重負(fù)。

5. simultaneously
adv. 同時(shí)地
at the same time

There should be forces in society who should be concerned about the budget, but they shouldn't be functioning simultaneously as doctors. (2015.12)

社會(huì)中應(yīng)該有關(guān)注預(yù)算的專人，但它們不應(yīng)該同時(shí)扮演醫(yī)生那樣的角色。


ily
adv. 首先；起初，原來(lái)；首要地，主要地；根本上

Some math training programs primarily focus on raising students' math scores.(2017.6)

一些數(shù)學(xué)訓(xùn)練課程主要側(cè)重于提高學(xué)生們的數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)。


7. predators
n. 捕食性動(dòng)物；掠奪者

When the water hits the right level, the baby birds are kept safe from predators by a corrosive ditch. （2017.12）

當(dāng)水位達(dá)到合適高度的時(shí)候，幼鳥(niǎo)被腐蝕性溝渠保護(hù)起來(lái)，免受捕食者的追捕。


8. incidentally
adv. ?順便；偶然地
注意：副詞通常是選詞填空中最好做的，建議先做。一般句中不缺少成分時(shí)，或有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)時(shí)，可以直接從選項(xiàng)中以y結(jié)尾的詞里選出正確答案。

All researches agree that close to 25 billion devices, things and sensors will be
connected by 2020 which incidentally is also the moment that millennials(千禧一代)are expected to make up 75 percent of our overall workforce, and the fully connected home will become a reality for large numbers of people worldwide. (2017.12)

所有的研究都認(rèn)為，到2020年將有近250億臺(tái)設(shè)備，物品和傳感器連接起來(lái)，且到那時(shí)千禧一代預(yù)計(jì)將占總勞動(dòng)力的75%，全連接的住房將成為全世界眾多人的現(xiàn)實(shí)。


9. impact
n. 沖擊；沖擊力；影響
V. 壓緊；對(duì)…產(chǎn)生影響；沖擊

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)
pact on/ upon sb/sth 對(duì)某人/某事物的強(qiáng)烈的印象或巨大的影響

Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporary adverse impact on
performance and can be corrected. (2013.12)

某些原因，例如家庭疾病，可能會(huì)對(duì)性能產(chǎn)生暫時(shí)的不利影響，且隨后可以得到糾正。

the impact of …的影響

Charles began urging action on global warming in 1990 and says he's been worried about the impact of man on the environment since he was a teenager. (2014.12)

查爾斯在1990年開(kāi)始敦促采取行動(dòng)應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖，并表示他從青少年時(shí)期就一直擔(dān)心人類對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。


10. obsess ?/ obsessed
v. 困擾，使癡迷；念念不忘

adj. 著迷的；無(wú)法擺脫的，受困擾的
v. 著迷；糾纏，困擾（obsess 的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞）

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
be obsessed by/with 總想著，被…困擾

We check email at all hours of the day—we're obsessed. But why? Because that's what the boss wants. (2017.12)

我們每天無(wú)時(shí)不刻不在check 我們的郵箱—— 我們深受其困擾。但這是為什么呢？因?yàn)檫@是老板們想看到的。


11. legacy / legacies
n. 遺產(chǎn)；遺贈(zèng)財(cái)物；遺留問(wèn)題；后遺癥

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
a legacy of 一份...財(cái)產(chǎn)

Perhaps my expectations of lunches, water-cooler gossip and caring, deep-and-meaningful conversations were a legacy of the last time I was in that kind of office environment.（2019.6）

或許，我對(duì)午餐、茶水間閑聊以及關(guān)心他人、深入而有意義的對(duì)話的期待，是我上次在那種辦公環(huán)境中留下的后遺癥。


12. indulge / indulging
v. 使高興；滿足；縱容；（使）沉迷于；參加，參與（尤指違法活動(dòng)）

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
indulge in sth. 盡情享受某事物

Guests can indulge in a private barbecue on the deck.?

客人們可以在露天平臺(tái)上享用私家烤肉野餐。

indulge oneself/sb with sth. 放縱自己/某人

Ripley indulges a popular obsession with international test score comparisons, which show wide and frightening gaps between the United States and other countries. (2014.12)

雷普利癡迷于國(guó)際考試成績(jī)對(duì)比，這顯示出美國(guó)和其他國(guó)家之間巨大而可怕的差距。

13. identified ?/ identify / indefinite
adj. 經(jīng)鑒定的；被識(shí)別的（identified）
v. 確定；識(shí)別，認(rèn)出；使參與；把…看成一樣；認(rèn)同；一致（identify）
adj. 不明確的；無(wú)限期的；不定的

常考結(jié)構(gòu)：
identify sb/sth as sb/sth ?確認(rèn)/認(rèn)出某人或某物是...?
identify sth with sth ?認(rèn)為某事物與某事物等同

identify oneself with sb/sth ?與某人/某事物有關(guān)聯(lián)

The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and non-white students as early as the seventh grade, using innovative tools to identify kids with sophisticated verbal skills. (2011.6)

較新的趨勢(shì)是最早從七年級(jí)開(kāi)始招募貧困和非白人學(xué)生，他們使用創(chuàng)新工具來(lái)識(shí)別具有復(fù)雜口頭表達(dá)能力的孩子。

be identified in 從...中識(shí)別出

The researchers believe this is the first time that the "first-night-effect" of different brain states has been identified in humans. (2017.6)

研究人員認(rèn)為，這是人類第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)不同大腦狀態(tài)的“第一夜效應(yīng)”。

The trial was adjourned for an indefinite period. (2014,6)
審判被無(wú)限期推遲.


14. assess / assessed
v. 估價(jià)；對(duì)…征稅；確定…的金額；評(píng)價(jià)
v. 對(duì)…進(jìn)行評(píng)估（assess過(guò)去時(shí)形式）

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
assess sb's taxes/income/risk 評(píng)定某人的稅額/總收入/風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

How can I assess the investment risk of a particular bond issue? (2014.6)

如何評(píng)估特定債券發(fā)行的投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)？


15. separate/ separated / separately /apparently
adj. 分開(kāi)的；單獨(dú)的；不同的；各自的；不受影響的
v. （使）分離，分開(kāi)；隔開(kāi)；分手；（使）分居；（使）區(qū)別（于）
adv. 分別地；分離地；個(gè)別地( separately)
adv. 顯然地；似乎，表面上

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
separate from 分離 ; 分開(kāi) ; 把 ; 分隔開(kāi)

Civilization, then, is fine-people banging away on their smartphones are fluently using a code separate from the one they use in actual writing, and there is no evidence that texting is ruining composition skills.
(2014.6)

因此，文明是指人們正在智能手機(jī)上流暢地使用與實(shí)際寫(xiě)作中使用的代碼不同的代碼，并且沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明發(fā)短信會(huì)破壞寫(xiě)作技巧。

六級(jí)選詞填空TOP16-22

16. Prevalent
adj.流行的；盛行的；普遍存在的

For young adults without a bachelor’s degree, as of 2008 living at home with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner(2019.6).

對(duì)于沒(méi)有學(xué)士學(xué)位的年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，截至2008年，與父母住在一起比與浪漫伴侶住在一起更為普遍。

ty
n.容量；容積；容納能力；領(lǐng)悟(或理解、辦事)能力；職位；職責(zé)

And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying they’re stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders(2019.6).

皮尤研究中心（Pew Research Center）最新的一項(xiàng)關(guān)于女性與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的調(diào)查顯示，大多數(shù)美國(guó)人發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性在智力和創(chuàng)新能力等關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力特征上與男性難以區(qū)分，許多人表示，女性在富有激情和有組織的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力方面強(qiáng)于男性。

ied
adj. 放大的
v. 放大；夸張（magnify的過(guò)去分詞）

He has to use a magnifying glass to see clearly. (2015.12)

他必須用放大鏡才能看得清楚。

orating / deterioration
v. 退化，惡化（deteriorate的ing形式）
n. 惡化；退化；墮落（deterioration）

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
environmental deterioration 環(huán)境污染
~ (into sth) become worse in quality or condition 變壞; 變質(zhì); 惡化?

Leather can deteriorate in damp conditions.
?皮革受潮可變質(zhì)

The discussion deteriorated into a bitter quarrel.?
這場(chǎng)討論演變成了激烈的爭(zhēng)吵.

Air pollution is deteriorating in many places around the world. (2015.6)

世界上許多地方的空氣污染正在惡化。

20. exclusive/ exclusively / excluded / exclude
adj. 獨(dú)有的；排外的；專一的
n. 獨(dú)家新聞；獨(dú)家經(jīng)營(yíng)的項(xiàng)目；排外者
adv. 唯一地，專有地，排外地；作為唯一的（消息）來(lái)源
v. 排除（exclude的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞）；驅(qū)逐；拒絕接納
vt. 排除；排斥；拒絕接納；逐出
?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
exclusive of 不包括，除...之外
to exclude 排除

That’s the highest percentage of an exclusive economic zone devoted to marine conservation by any country in the world. （2017.12）

這是世界上致力于海洋保護(hù)的專屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)所占比例最高的國(guó)家。


21. presuming / presumption
v.推測(cè)；認(rèn)定；放肆；假設(shè)；無(wú)理要求（presume的現(xiàn)在分詞）
adj.冒昧的，自以為是的
n. 放肆，傲慢；推測(cè)

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
presuming question 斷定性問(wèn)題
presumption of innocent 無(wú)罪推定?

Despite negative stereotypes about sports culture and Ripley’s presumption that academics and athletics are at odds with one another, we believe that the greater body of evidence shows that school-sponsored sports programs appear to benefit students. ?(2014.12)

盡管存在對(duì)體育文化的負(fù)面刻板印象，而且里普利認(rèn)為學(xué)術(shù)和體育相互矛盾，但我們相信，更多的證據(jù)表明，學(xué)校資助的體育項(xiàng)目似乎有利于學(xué)生。


sh/diminished
vt. 使減少；使變小
vi. 減少，縮小；變小
sh的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞
常考結(jié)構(gòu)：
diminish the power 削弱力量

常用在hopes, supplies, funds等詞的后面, 表示“希望逐漸渺?！? “物資漸漸用完”,“資金漸漸枯竭”。


ss/suppressing
vt.鎮(zhèn)壓；(武力)平定；壓制；禁止(發(fā)表)；查禁；封鎖；抑制；控制；忍住
ss的現(xiàn)在分詞
The Professor said that deep sleep allowed suppressed anxieties to surface.

教授說(shuō)深度睡眠可以使壓抑的焦慮情緒得以釋放。

24. underlying
adj. 隱含的，潛在的，根本的
動(dòng)詞原形underlie: 位于…之下，構(gòu)成…的基礎(chǔ)
the cause, idea etc that is the most important, although it is not easily noticed ?

常考結(jié)構(gòu)：
underlying cause/principle/problem etc
根本原因/原則/問(wèn)題等

Yet underlying all of this is a simple dynamic: Apple, Google, Facebook and other companies hold most of the cards in this confrontation. (2017.12)

然而，隱藏在這一切之下的根源是：蘋(píng)果、谷歌、臉書(shū)和其他公司在這場(chǎng)對(duì)抗中占絕大優(yōu)勢(shì)。

/entailed
vt.涉及；需要；牽涉；使必要
n.限定繼承權(quán)；預(yù)定繼承人的順序
的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞
There is no doubt that spaceflight entails risks, and to pioneer a new mode of travel is to face those risks, and to reduce them with the benefit of hard-won experience.

毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),太空飛行會(huì)帶來(lái)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而開(kāi)創(chuàng)一種新的旅行方式就是要面對(duì)這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并利用來(lái)之不易的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)減少這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(2015.12).

t
n.保證；執(zhí)行令；授權(quán)令；(接受款項(xiàng)、服務(wù)等的)憑單，許可證；(做某事的)正當(dāng)理由，依據(jù)
vt.使有必要；使正當(dāng)；使恰當(dāng)
The contract warrants that an experienced person is on board all the time.

合同確保一位富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人會(huì)一直呆在船上。


27. volunteers
n. 志愿者；志愿兵
v. 自愿

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
volunteer for/to do sth. 自告奮勇做某事

Many of them volunteer for community service with disadvantaged people. (2016.6)

他們中的許多人自愿為弱勢(shì)群體提供社區(qū)服務(wù)。

28. withdraw/withdraws
vt. 撤退；收回；撤消；（從銀行）取錢，提款；退股
vi. 撤退；離開(kāi)
aws的第三人稱單數(shù)
?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
withdraw from v. 退出，離開(kāi)

Some parents who withdraw their children from the schools in favor of home schooling have an inadequate educational background and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children. (2013.12)

那些為了家庭教育而使孩子退學(xué)的父母，其教育背景和正規(guī)培訓(xùn)都不足以使他們的孩子接受滿意的教育。


v.上船，轉(zhuǎn)船
的現(xiàn)在分詞
?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
embark on 從事，著手，開(kāi)始（新的或艱難的事情）
Almost half of those surveyed said their companies were either in the middle of restructuring or about to embark on (開(kāi)始）it; and for the most part, restructuring meant putting more emphasis on teams.

幾乎一半的受訪者表示，他們的公司要么正在進(jìn)行重組，要么即將進(jìn)行重組；在很大程度上，重組意味著更加重視團(tuán)隊(duì)。


n.偏見(jiàn)；偏心；偏向；偏愛(ài)；特殊能力；斜裁
vt.使有偏見(jiàn)；使偏心；使偏向
adv.偏
adj.斜的；偏動(dòng)的
Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level.

相反，重點(diǎn)是利用這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果，就隱性性別偏見(jiàn)展開(kāi)有意義的對(duì)話，無(wú)論是在部門一級(jí)，還是在機(jī)構(gòu)一級(jí)，甚至是在學(xué)科一級(jí)。


六級(jí)選詞填空高頻TOP31-39

ives
n.激勵(lì)；刺激；鼓勵(lì)
incentive的復(fù)數(shù)
He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.

他說(shuō)，將衰老描述為一種疾病會(huì)激勵(lì)人們開(kāi)發(fā)治療方法。

cuously
adv. 顯著地，明顯地；超群地，惹人注目地

So this shows negative consequences of poor dietary intake can occur even when body weight has not changed conspicuously. （2019.12）

因此，這表明即使體重沒(méi)有明顯變化，飲食攝入不良的負(fù)面后果也會(huì)發(fā)生。

ate/alienating
vt. 減輕，緩和

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
alleviate pain 緩減疼痛

In turn, feeling close to objects can alleviate loneliness.（2019.12)
反過(guò)來(lái)，接近物體的感覺(jué)可以緩解孤獨(dú)。

34. redundant
adj. 多余的，過(guò)剩的；被解雇的，失業(yè)的；冗長(zhǎng)的，累贅的

In time it should help restrain costs by eliminating redundant tests, preventing drug interactions, and helping doctors find the best treatments. (2016.6)

隨著時(shí)間的推移，它將有助于通過(guò)消除多余的測(cè)試、防止藥物相互作用和幫助醫(yī)生找到最好的治療方法來(lái)控制成本。


35. imminent?
adj. 即將來(lái)臨的；迫近的

?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：
imminent danger/threat/death/disaster etc
即將來(lái)臨的危險(xiǎn)/威脅/死亡/災(zāi)難等

But there is also time for brief diversions onto bizarre ground, such as a discussion of the skyscraper index (which holds that a boom in skyscraper construction is a foolproof sign of an imminent recession). (2013.6)

但也有時(shí)間把話題暫時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)移到怪誕的地方，比如對(duì)摩天大樓指數(shù)的討論(該指數(shù)認(rèn)為，摩天大樓建設(shè)的繁榮是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退即將來(lái)臨的絕對(duì)跡象)。


36. eradication
n. 消滅，撲滅；根除

The eradication team remained in camp under a tight security lockdown for ten days.?
(NEWYORKER: The Taliban’s Opium War)

消除病毒小組在嚴(yán)密的安全封鎖下呆在營(yíng)地10天。


37. saturated
adj. 飽和的；滲透的；深顏色的
v. 使?jié)B透，使飽和（saturate的過(guò)去式）

?While the conversation about young adults staying longer at home is ?saturated by talk of laziness, of dependence, of an inability for young people to pull themselves together, ?rarely do we talk of the way, in my case at least, my relationship with my parents has ?undoubtedly ?strengthened the longer we have lived together.(2020.9)

雖然關(guān)于年輕人在家呆的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了的話題充斥著懶惰、依賴和年輕人無(wú)法振作起來(lái)，但我們很少談?wù)撊绾蜗嗵?。至少就我而言，隨著我們?cè)谝黄鹕畹臅r(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，我和父母的關(guān)系無(wú)疑得到了加強(qiáng)。


ied
adj. 改正的，整流的；精餾過(guò)的
v. 調(diào)整；矯正；精餾（rectify的過(guò)去分詞形式）
President Abraham Lincoln, during the Civil War, issued a rectified setting aside the last Thursday in November for the holiday.(2018.6)

亞伯拉罕·林肯總統(tǒng)在南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間頒布了一項(xiàng)修正規(guī)定，將感恩節(jié)定在11月的最后一個(gè)星期四。

on
n. 發(fā)揮；運(yùn)用；努力

After walking for an hour ,she was not sweating , but there was a pleasurable sense of exertion.

走了一個(gè)小時(shí)后，她沒(méi)有出汗，但卻有一種努力的快感。


好的，今天的干貨就到這里了~
祝大家順利過(guò)級(jí)！

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