六級翻譯練習(xí)：兵馬俑
兵馬俑是20世紀(jì)最重大的考古發(fā)掘之一，1987年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)。1 兵馬俑位于西安臨潼， 秦始皇陵以東約1.5公里。2 1974 年，一群農(nóng)民在皇家陵墓附近挖井時挖掘出一些陶器碎片，立即引起了考古學(xué)家的注意，然后才有了兵馬俑這一偉大發(fā)現(xiàn)。3 1975年，國務(wù)院授權(quán)有關(guān)部門建立兵馬俑博物館。4 栩栩如生的兵馬俑排成作戰(zhàn)的陣勢，成為博物館最大的亮點(diǎn)。5 博物館分為三個部分： 1號坑、2號坑和3號坑， 按照發(fā)現(xiàn)先后命名。6 其中1號坑最大， 于1979年10月1日國慶節(jié)對公眾開放。7 自2010 年10月1日，兵馬俑博物館和秦始皇陵合并成一個大景區(qū)，即秦始皇陵遺址公園。兵馬俑是世界考古史上最偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一，充分體現(xiàn)了中國古代人民的聰明才智和創(chuàng)造力。

參考譯文：
The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses, one of the most significant archeological excavations of the 20th century, were listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987. It is located about 1.5 kilometers east of the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor in Lintong, Xi’an. In 1974, a group of farmers unearthed some pottery fragments while digging a well nearby the royal tomb. It caught the immediate attention of archeologists and led to the great discovery of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses. In 1975, the State Council authorized the building of the Museum of Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses. The life-like Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses arranged in battle formations are the star features at the museum. The museum is divided into three sections: No. 1 Pit, No. 2 Pit, and No. 3 Pit. They were tagged in the order of their discoveries. No. 1 Pit is the largest, opened to the public on China’s National Day of 1979. Since October 1, 2010 the Museum of Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses and the Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum have been combined into one large attraction area, Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Park. The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses, as one of the greatest archeological discoveries in the world, fully demonstrate the extraordinary wisdom and superb creativity of the ancient Chinese people.


翻譯簡析
1 本句譯文把“20世紀(jì)最重大的考古發(fā)掘之一”作為主語的同位語，結(jié)構(gòu)比較緊湊。
2 原文中地點(diǎn)信息的順序?yàn)橛纱蟮叫?，由“西安”到“臨潼”再到“秦始皇陵”，譯文則相反，由小到大，這是漢譯英的常用譯法。
3 本句信息較多，英文采用了分譯法，譯為意思完整的兩個句子，清晰明了。
4 本句中的“有關(guān)部門”無實(shí)質(zhì)意義，翻譯時可省略。
5 本句重點(diǎn)講栩栩如生的兵馬俑是博物館最大的亮點(diǎn)，所以譯文中把“排成作戰(zhàn)的陣勢” 譯為定語arranged in battle formations，以使行文緊湊自然。
6 句中的“命名”，并不是真的起個名字，只是給個標(biāo)簽而已，所以譯作were tagged， 比譯為 were named更恰切。
7 本句也可譯為No. 1 Pit, the largest of the three pits, was first opened to the public on China’s National Day of 1979。