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?Jonathan Lynch on a second Green Revolution

EarthSky

In order to feed billions of people on Earth today – and the billions more expected by 2050 – we need a second Green Revolution. That’s according to Dr. Jonathan Lynch, professor of plant nutrition at Penn State. He explained that the Green Revolution of the 1960’s was?spurred?by agricultural advances.

目前全球有數(shù)十億人口，預(yù)計(jì)到2050年還會(huì)增加幾十億，為了滿足如此巨大的糧食需求，我們必須發(fā)起第二次“綠色革命”。這是賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家喬森納?林奇教授提出的。他解釋說(shuō)，農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展推動(dòng)了上世紀(jì)六十年代的“綠色革命”。

“The first Green Revolution was using fertilizers and irrigation to improve yields.”

“第一次‘綠色革命’是使用施肥和灌溉的技術(shù)來(lái)增加糧食產(chǎn)量的?！?/div>

Lynch said the second Green Revolution can’t depend on irrigation or fertilizer. He said that’s because many farmers in developing countries can’t afford either.?To grow more food under tough conditions affordably, Dr. Lynch said, we’re going to have to breed plants with improved roots.

林奇認(rèn)為，第二次“綠色革命”不能再依靠灌溉或施肥這些方法了，原因是許多發(fā)展中國(guó)家的農(nóng)民承擔(dān)不起這些開(kāi)支。林奇表示，為了讓農(nóng)民在惡劣環(huán)境下也能用實(shí)惠的方法獲得增收，我們會(huì)用改良過(guò)的根來(lái)種植莊稼。

“The roots are the part of the plant that?take up?water and nutrients. So if you want a plant that is going to be better at getting water and nutrients, you’ve got to have better roots.”

“根是莊稼的一部分，功能是吸收水分和養(yǎng)料。所以，如果你希望一顆植株能更充分地吸收水分養(yǎng)料，就一定需要更優(yōu)良的根?！?/div>

Working with?staple crops?like beans and corn, Lynch identifies which root traits – like deep, or shallow -will help plants get the sustenance they need.

林奇利用豆子和玉米之類(lèi)的主要農(nóng)作物進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)根的特點(diǎn)——比如深的或是淺的——都會(huì)影響植株對(duì)必需養(yǎng)分的吸收。

“For some nutrients like phosphorous which are in the top soil, we want shallow roots.”

“有些養(yǎng)料位于土壤表層，比如磷，那么我們就需要較淺的根?！?/div>

Lynch then?collaborates with?plant breeders. He said evidence suggests that just changing the seeds to varieties with improved roots can double or triple farmers’ yields.?

之后，林奇與植物培育者合作。他說(shuō)事實(shí)證明，只需改良種子根的特性，就讓農(nóng)民的收成多一倍甚至兩倍。

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