一、 題型透析

《大學(xué)英語六級考試大綱》規(guī)定，作文部分共一題，考試時間為30分鐘，考生應(yīng)按要求完成一篇150到200詞的短文，所占分值為15%。要求內(nèi)容切題、能正確地表達思想、語義連貫、文章基本通順、無重大語法錯誤。寫作形式多樣，如圖畫作文、根據(jù)所給文章（英語或漢語）寫摘要或大意、根據(jù)所給題目、關(guān)鍵詞、主題句或提綱等進行寫作。

二、4大作文類型及高分模板

近幾年的六級作文真題從題材上來看，主要可以分為校園生活類、學(xué)習(xí)類和社會熱點話題類；從體裁上來看，大致可以分為議論文和應(yīng)用文，而議論文寫作又可以分為現(xiàn)象闡釋型、對比選擇型、觀點論證型和問題解決型。其中，應(yīng)用文寫作近幾年基本沒有考查，在此不再贅述。以下是四大類型的議論文常用的寫作模式和高分模板。

1. 現(xiàn)象闡釋型

這類作文多為提綱式作文或圖表式作文，要求考生對某一社會現(xiàn)象進行描述，分析該現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因，并加以評論。

寫作模式：第一段描述現(xiàn)象；第二段解釋這種現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生或存在的原因；第三段提出解決問題的建議或總結(jié)觀點。

高分模板：

①In recent years, ______ has/have been prevailing among.

②A number of factors can account for such phenomenon, but the following might be the critical ones. ③First and foremost, ______. ④Moreover, ______. ⑤Undoubtedly, ______. ⑥Firstly, ______. ⑦Secondly, ______.

⑧In my view, ______. ⑨To begin with, ______. ⑩What’s more, ______. ?Only ______.

① 開門見山，闡明某一普遍現(xiàn)象。

② 引出造成這種現(xiàn)象的關(guān)鍵原因。

③④ 逐條闡釋原因，條理清晰，層次分明。

⑤ 承上啟下，引出這種現(xiàn)象造成的后果。

⑥⑦ 通過結(jié)構(gòu)銜接詞具體闡釋兩種后果。

⑧ 表述自己的觀點。

⑨⑩ 逐項闡明自己的觀點。

?使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)進行總結(jié)或提出建議。

2. 對比選擇型

這類作文多為提綱式作文，為議論文體裁。首先要論述相反的兩個觀點，或分析評論某一社會現(xiàn)象的優(yōu)缺點，然后給出自己的見解和看法。

寫作模式：第一段論述一些人對某一事物或現(xiàn)象的看法；第二段論述另一些人對此事物或現(xiàn)象的不同看法；第三段表明自己的觀點并給出理由。

高分模板：

①It is widely accepted that ______. ②What’s more, ______. ③However, ______.

④On the one hand, some people hold the view that ______. ⑤On the other hand, a great many people insist that _______.

⑥From my perspective, however, ______. ⑦Therefore, ______.

① 緊扣題目論點，引出相關(guān)話題。

② 論述一些人對某一事物或現(xiàn)象的看法。

③ 用However轉(zhuǎn)折，引出不同的觀點。

④⑤ 具體闡述兩種觀點，論述條理清晰，內(nèi)容充實。

⑥ 表述自己的觀點。

⑦ 得出結(jié)論。

3. 觀點論證型

這類作文多為提綱式的議論文或看圖作文，通常是圍繞某一事物或觀點進行論證，有時以某個熱點話題或某種現(xiàn)象為討論對象，要求考生提出自己的看法或觀點，并提供論據(jù)加以論證，也可在文章最后給出建議或期望。

寫作模式：第一段引出話題，表明觀點；第二段給出論據(jù)，論證觀點；第三段提出建議或總結(jié)觀點。

高分模板：

①It is not an uncommon social phenomenon that ______. ②For example, ______.

③As to this issue, opinions vary from person to person. ④Some people hold that ______. ⑤But others maintain that _______.

⑥ As far as I am concerned, ______. ⑦On the one hand, ______. ⑧On the other hand, ______. ⑨In a word, ______.

① 開門見山，描述現(xiàn)象。

② 舉例說明。

③ 引出人們對該現(xiàn)象的觀點。

④⑤ 列舉人們對該現(xiàn)象的不同觀點。

⑥ 引出自己對該現(xiàn)象的看法。

⑦⑧ 具體說明自己對該現(xiàn)象的看法。

⑨ 對全文進行總結(jié)。

如果是看圖作文，可以參考以下模板：

①As is portrayed in the picture, ______. ②Actually, recent years have witnessed an increasing trend of ______.

③This ______ has inevitably brought about some ______ effects. ④Anyway, ______.

⑤However, ______. ⑥Therefore, people should become fully aware of both sides of ______.

① 開門見山，描述圖畫。

② 從對圖片的描述引出要談?wù)摰脑掝}。

③ 分析這一現(xiàn)象造成的某一方面的影響。

④ 對本段進行小結(jié)。

⑤ 使用過渡詞轉(zhuǎn)換話題，開始描述這一現(xiàn)象對其他方面的影響。

⑥ 對全文進行總結(jié)或提出建議。

4. 問題解決型

這類作文一般為提綱式作文，且多為說明文。通常先提出一個有待解決的問題，然后要求考生就該問題提出解決方法、途徑，有時還要求考生在最后談?wù)撨m合自己的方法。

寫作模式：第一段描述現(xiàn)象，提出問題；第二段提出解決問題的方法、途徑；第三段提出自己的建議。

高分模板：

①As is known to all, ______. ②However, ______. ③The cases of ______.

④Therefore, ______. ⑤Firstly, ______. ⑥Secondly, ______. ⑦Thirdly, ______.

⑧As far as I’m concerned, ______.

① 緊扣題目論點，提出問題。

② 進一步說明該問題。

③ 舉例論證，充實內(nèi)容。

④ 過渡到論述應(yīng)采取的措施。

⑤⑥⑦ 運用結(jié)構(gòu)銜接詞具體闡述應(yīng)采取的措施。

⑧ 提出自己的觀點。

三、 常用寫作句式

1. 用于描寫漫畫、圖表的常用句型

①As the graph depicts,…

②From the cartoon/picture, we can see that…

③According to the statistics shown in the first/second graph,…

④The table shows/indicates/reveals that…

⑤It can be seen/concluded from the picture/table/figures that…

2. 用于句首提出論題或現(xiàn)象的句型

①Recently, …h(huán)as become the focus of the society.

② …h(huán)as been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life.

③Nowadays there is a growing concern for…

④Nowadays it is common to hear/see…

⑤ …h(huán)as become a common occurrence in our daily life.

⑥Nowadays more and more people begin to be aware of the seriousness of…

⑦It is only during the last/past few years that man has generally become aware that…

⑧There is an old/a popular saying/proverb that says/goes…

⑨In recent years, there is a general tendency…

⑩Nowadays…h(huán)as become a serious problem we have to face.

3. 用于比較、闡述不同觀點的常用句型

①Some people like/prefer…, while others are/feel inclined to…

②There are different opinions among people as to…

③Some people claim that…is superior to…Others, however, disagree with it.

④Some people believe…Others maintain…Still others claim…

⑤Some people suggest…Others, however, hold the opposite opinion.

⑥On the one hand, people tend to…On the other hand, they feel…

⑦Some people argue that…Others, in contrast, believe that…

⑧Although more and more people come to believe that…, there are still others who insist that…

⑨On the contrary, there are people in favor of…

⑩There are some people who hold different opinions about…

4. 用于陳述個人觀點/想法的常用句型

①My own experience tells me that…

②In my opinion, we should attach more importance to…

③As for my own idea about…, I believe that…

④As far as I am concerned, I plan to…

⑤Personally speaking, I prefer…

⑥In my view, both sides are partly right in that…

⑦But for me, I would rather…

⑧My own point of view is that…

⑨In conclusion, I support the statement that…

⑩As for me, I tend to choose…

5. 用于結(jié)尾的常用句型

①From what has been discussed/mentioned above, we may conclude that…

②Therefore, it is not difficult to draw/come to the conclusion that…

③It is high time that something was done about…

④From all the reasons/consideration above, it is evident/clear/obvious that…

⑤Taking all these factors into account, we may reach the conclusion that…

⑥Given the reasons I have just outlined/discussed/presented, I strongly recommend that…