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一、 題型透析
長(zhǎng)對(duì)話共包含兩篇對(duì)話，每篇對(duì)話的長(zhǎng)度在250~300詞之間，對(duì)話后有8道多項(xiàng)選擇題，要求考生在聽(tīng)到問(wèn)題后從所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。

從題型上看，每篇對(duì)話中可能有一個(gè)考查對(duì)話主題的試題，其余為具體細(xì)節(jié)的試題，并且問(wèn)題和選項(xiàng)大部分都經(jīng)過(guò)同義轉(zhuǎn)述，即沒(méi)有直接使用原對(duì)話中的句子，因此這部分試題有一定的難度。

從內(nèi)容上看，一般涉及社會(huì)生活、校園生活、工作商務(wù)等方面，對(duì)話中的語(yǔ)言有些具有專業(yè)性，不是普通的口語(yǔ)詞匯。


二、 3大?？紙?chǎng)景

1. 社會(huì)生活
社會(huì)生活類題材一般是圍繞某個(gè)與社會(huì)生活有關(guān)的話題來(lái)展開(kāi)，一般涉及的情景包括購(gòu)物、休閑、家庭生活、時(shí)尚和社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)等。

2. 校園生活
校園生活指發(fā)生在校園內(nèi)的一些話題，題材與學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)和生活密切相關(guān)。它涉及專業(yè)的選擇、課程與教學(xué)情況、宿舍的管理、作業(yè)或論文、假期安排、學(xué)生中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象、師生對(duì)話或是學(xué)習(xí)中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題等內(nèi)容。

3. 工作商務(wù)
工作商務(wù)類題材主要涉及求職招聘、面試以及工作安排變更或工作中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題等內(nèi)容。而一般在聽(tīng)力考試中工作商務(wù)類題材的情景設(shè)置多以招聘、面試、工作安排、工作交流以及商務(wù)談判為主。


三、 5大設(shè)題點(diǎn)

1. 開(kāi)頭處設(shè)題
如果將長(zhǎng)對(duì)話比作一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，那么開(kāi)頭處歷來(lái)是兵家必爭(zhēng)之地。并且長(zhǎng)對(duì)話開(kāi)頭部分一般會(huì)涉及談話主題。

例1： What is the woman doing?
A) Having her bicycle repaired. C) Lecturing on business management.
B) Conducting a market survey. D) Hosting an evening TV program.

原文： W: Good evening, and welcome to this week’s Business World, the program for and about business people. Tonight, we have Mr. Steven Kayne, who has just taken over and established a bicycle shop. Tell us, Mr. Kayne, what made you want to run your own store?

答案： D)。對(duì)話開(kāi)始，女士說(shuō)歡迎大家來(lái)到本周的“商業(yè)世界”，并介紹說(shuō)這是一個(gè)面向商業(yè)人士的節(jié)目。由此可知，女士在主持節(jié)目，故答案為D）。

2. 干擾信息處設(shè)題
這種出題思路不難理解，長(zhǎng)對(duì)話內(nèi)容多，信息量大，每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)都可能成為出題的地方。

這類題目的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)如果不仔細(xì)區(qū)分很容易混淆。

因此解答這類題目時(shí)，要充分預(yù)覽所給選項(xiàng)，并在聽(tīng)音時(shí)適當(dāng)做筆記。

例2： What does the woman say about the steel-related manufacturing in the region?
A) It has gradually given way to service industry.
B) It remains a major part of industrial activity.
C) It accounts for 80 percent of the region’s GDP.
D) It has a history as long as paper processing.

原文：W: Well, the main activities in the region were historically steel and paper processing, I think.
M: Yes, but I’m not quite sure about the status of those industries now. Could you tell us something about that?
W: Yes, of course. In fact, they are less significant. But steel-related manufacturing still accounts for 44% of industrial activity, so it’s still very important. In fact, 80% of Spain’s machine tools are from the Basque Country. As for paper processing, there’s still a little. But it’s no longer what it once was in the region. So, is that clear?
M: Yes, thanks.

答案： B）。對(duì)話中女士在介紹本地區(qū)與鋼鐵相關(guān)的制造業(yè)時(shí)提到，這一產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)在占工業(yè)活動(dòng)的44%，雖然地位有所下降，但仍然非常重要，換句話說(shuō)，它仍然是該地區(qū)工業(yè)活動(dòng)的重要組成部分，故答案為B）。

3. 信息集中處設(shè)題
談話雙方交談最熱烈的地方往往也是設(shè)題的熱點(diǎn)所在，并且因?yàn)槠湫畔⑤^集中，往往會(huì)多次設(shè)題。

因此就要注意，除做好聽(tīng)音前的預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)、聽(tīng)音時(shí)的適當(dāng)筆記外，

還需要對(duì)整個(gè)對(duì)話內(nèi)容有較好的把握，在細(xì)節(jié)信息集中的地方認(rèn)真聆聽(tīng)。

例3： What does the man say about an element of stress in his job?
A) It is something inevitable. C) It takes patience to manage.
B) It is frustrating sometimes. D) It can be a good thing.

原文： W: Would you consider changing your job because of the high-stress factor?
M: I have considered leaving my job due to stress-related factors. However, I do think that an element of stress is a good thing, and if used in the right way, it can actually be a positive thing.

答案： D）。問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵信息提示詞是 element of stress，男士說(shuō)他覺(jué)得壓力的確很大，甚至想過(guò)不干了，但他同時(shí)認(rèn)為有壓力是個(gè)好事情，如果能夠正確對(duì)待壓力，把壓力處理好，還可以對(duì)工作有積極的作用。因此，D)為答案。


4. 對(duì)整個(gè)對(duì)話的理解設(shè)題
主要考查對(duì)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的整體理解。通常提問(wèn)談話人主要交談了什么內(nèi)容，或某一方的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度或行動(dòng)。

這類題解題的根據(jù)主要有四點(diǎn)：

一是根據(jù)對(duì)話的開(kāi)頭判斷該對(duì)話的主要內(nèi)容；二是根據(jù)對(duì)話的結(jié)尾判斷對(duì)話的主題；三是根據(jù)對(duì)話中多次出現(xiàn)的主要信息做合理的判斷；四是通過(guò)預(yù)覽選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行合理的推理排除。

例4： What problem are the speakers discussing?
A) The man has sent the order to the woman by mistake.
B) Some of the telephone systems don’t work properly.
C) Some of the packs do not contain any manuals.
D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.

原文： W: What can I do for you?
M: Well, unfortunately, there is a problem with the order we received from you yesterday. It seems we’ve not received the right quantity of manuals to support the telephone system.
W: Oh, dear, that’s bad news. I’m very sorry to hear that, and you don’t know how many packs are without manuals?
M: No, because we haven’t opened every pack. But in several of those that have been opened there are none. No manuals.

答案： C)。本題的關(guān)鍵詞是 manual，出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題并非在于產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量，而是缺少使用手冊(cè)，故C）為答案。


5. 時(shí)間數(shù)字處設(shè)題
對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)年代、時(shí)間、價(jià)格等數(shù)字信息的地方，也經(jīng)常是長(zhǎng)對(duì)話設(shè)題的重點(diǎn)。但要注意，一般都是考查與數(shù)字相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)信息，而單純考查數(shù)字的題目并不常見(jiàn)。

例5： What does the woman say about her evening class?
A) It is scheduled on Thursday night. C) It takes place once a week.
B) It is supposed to last nine weeks. D) It usually starts at six.

原文： M: Can I ask you about your evening class? What class do you go to?
W: Car maintenance.
M: What night of the week is it on?
W: Wednesday night.
M: And how long does it last?
W: Well, it’s supposed to start at 6:00, but that’s a bit of problem because people have difficulty getting through the traffic. So we start at 6:30 and then it goes on until 9 o’clock.

答案： C）。男士希望了解女士夜校課程的一些情況，在了解到女士所學(xué)內(nèi)容為汽車保養(yǎng)后，男士問(wèn)到上課時(shí)間，女士說(shuō)是周三晚上。由此可知，女士所選的課程一周只上一次，故答案為C)。

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不要走開(kāi)，

后面小編將會(huì)給大家講解長(zhǎng)對(duì)話聽(tīng)力解題技巧哦

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