Student Power
學(xué)生的力量

by Chris Rose
克里斯?羅斯

When most people think of strikes, they think of factory workers asking for better pay and conditions, or perhaps refusing to work to support a colleague who has been unfairly sacked. It is not often that people associate strikes with school students. But in Italy, it is different. While in many countries it is absolutely unthinkable, in Italy it happens almost every year. Some people may remember the “Paris spring” of 1968, when in the French capital university students and factory workers all went on strike in a crisis which almost made the French republic collapse, but for many this is a long time ago now. But in Italy, however, the tradition has remained. It seems that almost every autumn there is a reason to protest. Most of the protests are national, like the current opposition to the government’s planned educational reforms, but there are also protests against things like local issues such as heating in the classes or treatment of individual students.
當(dāng)人們提到“罷工”這個(gè)詞的時(shí)候，往往會(huì)聯(lián)想到工廠工人為了要求更為優(yōu)厚的薪水和待遇，亦或者是為了聲援某個(gè)被不公辭退的同事而發(fā)起的活動(dòng)。大多數(shù)人都不會(huì)將這個(gè)詞和學(xué)校里面的學(xué)生聯(lián)系在一起。但是在意大利，情況則不同尋常了：雖然于其他國(guó)家而言學(xué)生罷課不可思議，但這在意大利卻幾乎年年都會(huì)發(fā)生。一些人們或許會(huì)記得1968年爆發(fā)的“巴黎之春”，當(dāng)時(shí)法國(guó)首都的大學(xué)生以及工人為了一場(chǎng)政治危機(jī)罷工罷課奔走街頭，這場(chǎng)危機(jī)差點(diǎn)顛覆了法國(guó)的政權(quán)。對(duì)許多人來說這場(chǎng)罷工已經(jīng)是遙遠(yuǎn)的記憶了，但是在意大利學(xué)生罷課的傳統(tǒng)卻一直保留了下來。幾乎每年秋來的時(shí)候都會(huì)有種種罷課抗議的理由。大部分罷課抗議的理由都是關(guān)于國(guó)事，比如反對(duì)政府現(xiàn)行的教育改革計(jì)劃；有時(shí)候也會(huì)有一些直接關(guān)于學(xué)校的問題，例如教室的供暖問題或者是對(duì)某個(gè)學(xué)生的不公待遇問題。

And what do students do to protest?
All over the country they go on strike, they have demonstrations in the streets, they occupy their schools, they have lots of meetings and sometimes they try to run the schools themselves for a period, setting up their own lessons and courses.
那么學(xué)生抗議時(shí)一般會(huì)做什么呢？
全國(guó)的學(xué)生都會(huì)集體罷課，他們有時(shí)上街游行，有時(shí)占領(lǐng)學(xué)校。在這段時(shí)期內(nèi)學(xué)生會(huì)有很多會(huì)議要開，有時(shí)還會(huì)自己運(yùn)作學(xué)校，自行設(shè)立科目和課程。

Are all the students behind this?
Well, it’s difficult to say exactly. But what is certain, is that very few students object.
是不是所有學(xué)生都支持罷課呢？
其實(shí)這個(gè)問題很難說，但是可以肯定的是，很少有學(xué)生反對(duì)罷課。

“I think it’s important to show what we feel” says one high school student, “The new school reform will be very bad for state schools.”
一個(gè)高中學(xué)生說：“我認(rèn)為表明我們的感受是非常重要的，新的學(xué)校改革對(duì)于公立學(xué)校來說后患無窮?！?/span>

Other students are more sceptical. “I think it’s great!” says one student, “It means we get a few days off school.” Another student is openly cynical: “All the people who are doing this... well, some of them are just troublemakers, others are people who are already planning to become politicians. They want to start their career now.” Others say that the strike leaders are being manipulated or used by groups from outside the schools.
而另一些學(xué)生對(duì)罷課的目的則表示懷疑。一個(gè)學(xué)生說：“我認(rèn)為這太棒了!罷課我就可以有好些天不用去上課啦?！绷硪粋€(gè)學(xué)生公開質(zhì)疑道：“每個(gè)學(xué)生都在罷課，但是其中有些人純粹就是搗亂的，另外一些人就是那些想做政客的，他們想從現(xiàn)在開始就磨礪他們的政治生涯?！边€有些學(xué)生說，這些罷課學(xué)生領(lǐng)袖都是被校外的一些勢(shì)力所操縱和利用的。

Problems occurred recently when students from one school which was being occupied marched to another school which wasn’t protesting. The strikers stood outside the school and shouted and threw things at the windows. The non-striking students sat in their classrooms and did nothing, but their teachers went out and began to shout at the students from the striking school.
而往往當(dāng)一個(gè)鬧罷課的學(xué)校學(xué)生向一個(gè)沒有罷課的學(xué)校進(jìn)軍游行時(shí)問題就出現(xiàn)了。罷課的學(xué)生在學(xué)校外面大聲叫喊口號(hào)，并且向?qū)W校的窗玻璃上砸石頭。而沒有罷課的學(xué)生只得靜坐在自己的教室里面無所事事，他們的老師則會(huì)走出去訓(xùn)斥那些罷課學(xué)校的學(xué)生。

In Britain, and a lot of other countries, such action is unthinkable. Students are not allowed to go on strike, and if they did they would probably face severe disciplinary measures.
在英國(guó)以及很多其他國(guó)家，這種事情簡(jiǎn)直是不可理喻。這些國(guó)家是禁止學(xué)生罷課的，即便是真的需要罷課那也得有嚴(yán)格的組織紀(jì)律。

The strange thing about this, however, is that despite the number of school hours lost to strikes, Italian students are certainly no less intelligent or knowledgeable than their European counterparts. Their national averages are the same as others, despite the fact that on average they spend up to 20% less time in the classroom – with strikes being only one of the many interruptions of the Italian school year.
然而古怪的是雖然罷課減少了學(xué)生們?cè)谛W(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間，但是意大利學(xué)生無論是在智力上還是在知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備上都并不遜色于歐洲其他國(guó)家的學(xué)生。意大利國(guó)民除了平均花在課堂上的時(shí)間比其他國(guó)家國(guó)民的平均值少20%之外（其實(shí)罷課只是意大利學(xué)校停課的種種原因中的一個(gè)），其他的平均指數(shù)都和他國(guó)無異。

Troublemakers or not, perhaps there is something to be learned from the Italian way of studying!
不論是不是搗亂者，也許我們都該從意大利式學(xué)習(xí)中汲取一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)！
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